ABSTRACT
Holoprosencephaly is a rare malformation complex or development defect including different degrees of incomplete cleavages of the embryonic prosencephalon and varying degrees of the midface defects, resulting from the defect of prechordal mesoderm, migrating forward into the area anterior to the notochord during the third week of fetal development. Early antenatal diagnosis of holoprosencephaly is important to find out its severity, to predict its prognosis, and to determine proper management according to its prognosis and severity. The possibility of early antenatal diagnosis of holoprosencephaly by ultrasound has been suggested, but occasionally missed and rarely confirmed. We present one case of lobar holoprosencephaly, diagnosed postnatally and one case of alobar holoprosencephaly, diagnosed antenatally in our hospitals.
Subject(s)
Fetal Development , Holoprosencephaly , Mesoderm , Notochord , Prenatal Diagnosis , Prognosis , Prosencephalon , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
Augmentation cystoplasty using bowel is effective method for the functional enlargement of bladder capacity in contracted bladder due to various causes. Prevention of vesicoureteral reflux after augmentation cystoplasty is still controversial but generally accepted that prevention of reflux is essential for good long term result. Therefore, antireflux augmentation cystoplasty including the use of ileocecal valve and hemi-Kock intussuscepted ileal nipple valve has been used recently for this purpose. Herein, we report the result of 3 cases of ileocecal cystoplasty and 6 cases of hemi-Kock ileocystoplasty. Hemi-Kock ileocystoplasty is better than ileocecal cystoplasty in a viewpoint of reflux prevention and continence, but complication is more common and serious in hemi-Kock ileocystoplasty than ileocecal cystoplasty. It is considered that azotemia is not contraindication for these procedures, and renal function deterioration has not been observed postoperatively.
Subject(s)
Azotemia , Ileocecal Valve , Nipples , Urinary Bladder , Vesico-Ureteral RefluxABSTRACT
Since Memmalaar first reported the use of bladder mucosa graft technique in penoscrotal hypospadias in 1947, this technique has been used with reasonable success for the reconstruction of new urethra for the posterior hypospadias and hypospadias cripples. The a bladder mucosa is abundantly available, sterile and has good elasticity. This mucosa does not produce hair, does not excoriate, and does not desquamate from the exposure of the urin. Two new urethrae in patients with posterior hypospadias, aged 11 and 21, were successfully reconstructed with bladder mucosal graft technique. A minor meatal stricture developed in one patient. However, the over-all results of this technique appear to be satisfactory.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Constriction, Pathologic , Elasticity , Hair , Hypospadias , Mucous Membrane , Transplants , Urethra , Urinary BladderABSTRACT
Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is an atypical form of severe chronic parenchymal infection and usually occurs in association with urinary tract infection, obstruction and/or calculi. We experienced a case of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in a 53-year-old male, in which case diagnosis was made preoperatively. 1. Patient revealed a history of genitourinary stone surgery with persisting general weakness. 2. Laboratory study showed anemia, leukocytosis, persistent pyuria and positive urine cultures. 3. Radiologic study, especially abdominal CT, revealed pyonephrosis with multiple renal stones. Above findings made the diagnosis possible as xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis preoperatively, and which was then confirmed histologically.